UPDATE AND WORKING! -

1. After following the above link's advice on removing my Nvidia drivers and files.
2. Restarting my computer and letting it install the appropriate driver on its own - I uninstalled 314.90 (and previously 314.70) and it installed on reboot 311.06. 3. The game started up without issues and is running fine as of this moment.
3. As I did all of this while using Teamviewer to control my computer from work, I have not played the game as of yet, but made it to the menu and operated it just fine.
4. Will post more once I have played it, to confirm full functionality.

Yes, I have the 314.22 driver installed right now, and the game will not launch. It is the same error I received at the beginning of this error I submitted. I was only when I backed the driver up to 311.06 that it would actually start the game.

The game will not start on any Nvidia driver for the GTX 580 past version 311.06. I have updated my graphics driver in order to be able to play my other games without glitches and cannot get into Arma 3 when I do this. Please fix this, so I don't have to uninstall and reinstall drivers every time I would like to play Arma 3. Thank you.

I don't have either of those programs and have killed everything aside from my connection to my external hard drive (where Arma 3 is installed) and Steam (where I'm running it). All of my other installs on my external hard drive on Steam have always worked just fine, so I feel confident that isn't the issue either.

Also, I have tried running it straight from the file location of the .exe file, rather than through Steam, and it still is not working.

Update: I looked at my event manager in my computer settings and it shows that at every crash, it was due to the nvwgf2um.dll file crashing the startup. After reading some forums, it appears as though the regular graphic driver installs could be causing corrupt files, because they are not making entirely clean installs. Found the following link that advises how to best remove and update Nvidia drivers: http://www.overclock.net/t/1150443/how-to-remove-your-nvidia-gpu-drivers. Will attempt this when I get home from work in 6 hours.

I have uploaded the requested files and read over the comments from that other topic. The other topic seems like an unrelated issue. I have AVG for my anti-virus, and thought that might be cause issues similar to Zone Alarm, but it made no difference to uninstall it. Let me know if you need any additional information. Thank you!